Fig. 5. Effects of kasmpferol and cisplatin co-treatment mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP synthesis. (A) Representative fluorescent microscopy image of treated colon cancer cells stained with rhodamine 123 (magnification 20x and scale bar 100 µm). (B) The graph represents the change in the relative fluorescence intensity in the cells treated with either kaempferol, cisplatin or their combination. (C) The ATP level was determined in colon cancer cells following kaempferol and cisplatin or their combination treatment. The quantification of rhodamine-123 fluorescence intensity was carried out with ImageJ software. The data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 for comparison between control and treated cells, whereas ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 for comparison between kaempferol alone and combination and ^$P < 0.05, ^$$P < 0.01 for comparison between cisplatin only and combine treatment.

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