JCP

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Table 8

Chemopreventive and anticarcinogenic effects of piperlongumine and underlying mechanisms of action

Type of cancer explored with phytochemical piperlongumine	Mechanism of action	Results	References
Breast cancer	PIK3/Akt/mTOR inhibits autophagy-mediated apoptosis.	Piperiongumine given to rats and mice at doses ranging from 100 to 3,000 mg/kg did not exhibit any harmful effects. The t1/2 was determined to be 1.42 hours and 0.84 hours after oral administration of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg piperlongumine, respectively. The Cmax values were 884.31 g/L and 201.42 g/L.	[7]
Colon cancer	Increases ROS generation by targeting the GSH antioxidant systems. Inhibits various signaling pathways mediated by: Akt and ERK1/2, MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK), and JNK.	Piperlongumine exacerbates apoptosis through extensive ROS generation and inhibition of signaling pathways.	[7,43]

PIK3, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors; Akt, protein kinase B; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor; ROS, reactive oxygen species; GSH, glutathione; ERK1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases; MEK, methyl ethyl ketone; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase.

J Cancer Prev 2024;29:58~68 https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.24.020