JCP

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Table 2.

Gastrointestinal symptom rating scale changes before and after milk consumption

		A2 milk			A1/A2 milk			P-value^b

		Before	After	P-value^a	Before	After	P-value^a
Period 1	Abdominal pain	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	Heartburn	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	Acid reflux	1.00 ± 0.00	-	-	1.20 ± 0.18	1.00 ± 0.00	0.500	-
	Hunger pain	-	1.00 ± 0.00	-	1.20 ± 0.18	1.00 ± 0.00	0.125	-
	Nausea	-	-	-	1.33 ± 0.27	1.00 ± 0.00	0.500	-
	Rumbling	0.96 ± 0.03	1.17 ± 0.11	0.289	1.07 ± 0.18	1.27 ± 0.16	0.453	0.905
	Bloating	0.91 ± 0.11	1.37 ± 0.22	>0.999	1.38 ± 0.25	1.15 ± 0.10	0.531	0.041
	Burping	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	0.125	1.22 ± 0.14	1.05 ± 0.15	0.063	0.318
	Flatus	1.18 ± 0.12	1.18 ± 0.12	0.789	1.38 ± 0.38	1.15 ± 0.23	>0.999	0.661
	Constipation	1.00 ± 0.00	1.50 ± 0.43	>0.999	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	0.160
	Diarrhea	1.61 ± 0.39	1.31 ± 0.24	>0.999	1.39 ± 0.27	1.12 ± 0.07	>0.999	0.984
	Loose stools	0.96 ± 0.04	1.11 ± 0.10	0.031	1.28 ± 0.23	1.28 ± 0.23	>0.999	0.623
	Hard stools	1.17 ± 0.15	1.17 ± 0.15	0.375	1.13 ± 0.12	1.13 ± 0.12	0.109	0.266
	Fecal urgency	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	1.25 ± 0.22	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	0.198
	Sensation of incomplete emptiness	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	1.17 ± 0.15	1.00 ± 0.00	0.625	0.237
	Total	4.44 ± 0.61	4.86 ± 0.63	0.770	5.43 ± 1.46	4.40 ± 0.81	0.174	0.255
Period 2	Abdominal pain	-	-	0.688	-	-	0.500	-
	Heartburn	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	Acid reflux	-	-	>0.999	-	-	-	-
	Hunger pain	-	-	>0.999	-	-	>0.999	-
	Nausea	-	-	>0.999	-	-	-	-
	Rumbling	1.13 ± 0.12	1.00 ± 0.00	0.109	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	0.257
	Bloating	1.29 ± 0.17	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	0.058
	Burping	1.13 ± 0.12	1.00 ± 0.00	0.188	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	0.257
	Flatus	1.33 ± 0.27	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	1.00 ± 0.00	1.20 ± 0.18	>0.999	0.063
	Constipation	1.25 ± 0.22	1.00 ± 0.00	0.500	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	0.198
	Diarrhea	-	-	>0.999	-	-	>0.999	-
	Loose stools	1.00 ± 0.00	1.50 ± 0.35	0.531	1.33 ± 0.27	1.00 ± 0.00	0.453	0.026
	Hard stools	1.50 ± 0.35	1.00 ± 0.00	>0.999	1.25 ± 0.22	1.00 ± 0.00	0.250	0.533
	Fecal urgency	-	-	>0.999	-	-	>0.999	-
	Sensation of incomplete emptiness	-	-	>0.999	-	-	0.625	-
	Total	5.42 ± 0.84	3.53 ± 0.67	0.398	4.23 ± 0.47	3.00 ± 0.53	0.847	0.801

Values are presented as least squares mean ± standard error. Period 1, the consumption period for the first intervention milk; Period 2, the consumption period for the second intervention milk. P-values were calculated using ^aWilcoxon signed rank test or ^bgeneralized estimating equation (gamma distribution).

J Cancer Prev 2024;29:45~53 https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.24.007