Fig. 1. Treatment with bitter melon variants (BMJ and BME) decreases the cell viability of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells.
PANC-1 cells were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (control) or different concentrations of BMJ (2% and 4% v/v) or BME (2%, 4% and 6% v/v) and processed as mentioned in the materials and methods. The trypan blue dye exclusion assay showing a decrease in total cell number and an increase in percent cell death at 48 and 72 hours by (A) BMJ, (B) BME-P1, (C) BME-P2, and (D) BME-P3. Values are means ± SEM. BMJ, bitter melon juice; BME, bitter melon extract. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.