Fig. 5. Effect of astaxanthin on H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal damage. (A) Normal gastric tissue from None group. (B) Abnormal gastric tissue from H. pylori control groups. Focal hyperplastic glands (square) and infiltration of neutrophils (arrows) are observed. (C) Gastric mucosal tissues from H. pylori + ASX group. Both the presence of focal hyperplastic glands and the infiltration by neutrophils are less profound than in (B). All images are hematoxylin and eosin-stained gastric mucosal sections viewed under an optical microscope at 200 ×. The bar represents a length of 50 _μm. None, non-infected mice fed standard chow; H. pylori control, H. pylori-infected mice fed standard chow; H. pylori + ASX, H. pylori-infected mice fed chow supplemented with astaxanthin (ASX).

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