Fig. 5. Effects of curcumin (CUR) and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) on activation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors and expression of their target proteins in the colon of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated mice. (A, B) The nuclear extracts from the colon of mice were prepared and subjected to electrophoretic mobility shift assay to assess DNA binding of NF-κB and STAT3 as described in Materials and Methods. (C) Colon tissues from mice treated with either CUR or THC and challenged with DSS were lysed. Lysates were subjected to immunoblot analysis to detect the expression of COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).